水体细菌碱性磷酸酶及其编码基因研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

戴江玉  高光  吴时强  吴修锋  周杰  薛万云  杨倩倩  陈丹 《湖泊科学》2016,28(6):1153-1166

水体溶解性反应磷是浮游植物可直接利用的主要磷营养形式,细菌碱性磷酸酶催化的有机磷矿化过程则是维持溶解性反应磷供给的重要途径.通过总结细菌碱性磷酸酶的种类与分布特征,发现主要包括Pho A、Pho X和Pho D 3种类型细菌碱性磷酸酶,其中超过50%的Pho X分布于细菌细胞的外部环境,对溶解性反应磷的循环再生尤为重要.综述水体产碱性磷酸酶细菌群落组成的研究进展,以及影响编码基因表达的环境因素,对比分析产碱性磷酸酶细菌群落鉴定方法的特点及发展趋势.细菌碱性磷酸酶编码基因的研究多关注寡营养海洋生态系统,对于同样存在磷限制问题的富营养化湖泊生态系统鲜有涉及,而构建针对典型富营养化湖泊生态系统的细菌宏基因组数据库,则可为建立淡水生态系统细菌碱性磷酸酶及其编码基因的研究方法奠定基础,有助于认识湖泊水华频发的微生物学驱动机制.  相似文献   

Experimental Investigation on Abstraction of Phenol Onto Micrococcus lylae and Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide          下载免费PDF全文

Natarajan Saravani  Muthukumarasamy Arulmozhi  Kugarajah Vaidhegi 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2016,44(11):1489-1498

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大黄鱼病原副溶血弧菌拮抗菌的筛选   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

郭国军  覃映雪  陈强  邹文政  鄢庆枇 《海洋学报》2008,30(1):127-134

用点种法从大黄鱼肠道优势菌群中筛选出104株病原性副溶血弧菌的拮抗菌,进一步研究拮抗效果最好的11株拮抗菌的抗菌谱和生长曲线,其中NAC平板上筛选的4株拮抗菌的抗菌范围较广,锰营养琼脂培养基上筛选的3株拮抗菌具有生长优势。用BIOLOG板测定了抗菌谱较广、有一定生长优势3株拮抗菌(R22,Y58和J312)的碳源利用情况,结果表明,3株拮抗菌的碳源谱都比较广,都能利用糖类、有机酸和氨基酸等,而且与鱼类营养的竞争较小。16S rRNA基因同源性分析的结果显示与R22,Y58,J312同源性达99%以上的菌株分别来自弧菌属、芽孢杆菌属和假单胞菌属。进一步对R22,J312和Y58三株拮抗菌进行生化鉴定,结果显示R22为溶藻弧菌,J312为荧光假单胞菌,但Y58的种属未能得到确认。所得到的3株拮抗菌R22,Y58,J312在拮抗病原菌、抗菌谱、生长特性和营养利用等方面都初步满足益生菌的筛选条件,有待进一步检测其安全性和实用效果以便能够成为能实用的益生菌。  相似文献   

Profiling Planctomycetales diversity with reference to anammox‐related bacteria in a South China Sea,deep‐sea sediment     

Qinglong Shu  Nianzhi Jiao 《Marine Ecology》2008,29(4):413-420

A systematic assessment of Planctomycetales diversity in a South China Sea, deep‐sea sediment (1657 m) was conducted using the 16S rRNA gene analysis approach. PCR amplification of the samples from seven sediment layers (0.1, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 m below the surface sediment) using the primer set Pla‐46‐F/1392‐R showed that the Planctomycetales existed within a limited range of sediment depths (≤ 5 m), and had a decreasing trend in diversity with increasing depth. The majority of the retrieved Pla‐46‐F/1392‐R sequences belonged to Pirellula‐related Planctomycetales, and two sequences retrieved from the 0.1‐m layer (GenBank accession numbers: DQ996944 and DQ996945 ) shared the same anammox‐related signature oligonucleotides and were closely related to commonly recognized anammox organisms. To identify new anammox‐related biomarkers, three primer sets were designed for amplifying the fragments of hydroxylamine oxidoreductase and S‐adenosylmethionine radical enzyme genes, but no related sequences were found. Our multiple 16S rRNA gene primer sets (Journal of Rapid Methods and Automation in Microbiology, 2008, in press) revealed even an higher diversity of Planctomycetales in the 0.1‐m layer of the sediment, especially at genus level. Our data profiled the distribution pattern of Planctomycetales diversity along sediment depths, and provided molecular evidence for the existence of anammox‐related bacteria in a new location, which broadens our understanding of Planctomycetales diversity in deep sea sediments.  相似文献   

拮抗香蕉枯萎病菌海洋细菌的筛选和鉴定   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

黄瑶  杨耿周  张雅娟  何秋韵  林巧玲  易润华 《广东海洋大学学报》2009,29(6):72-77

从93份中国南部海域近海海泥样品中分离出1800多株海洋细菌,以对峙培养法,测定海洋细菌对香蕉枯萎菌的拮抗作用,再以琼脂划线培养法(agar streak)测定菌株的抑菌活性,结果表明:约55.6%的菌株对香蕉枯萎菌有一定的拮抗作用,其中58株菌株抑制香蕉枯萎菌生长所形成的抑菌带宽度大于10.0mm,抑菌作用较好,复筛后其中13个菌株形成的抑菌带宽在15.0mm以上。经反复转接和对峙培养,筛选出拮抗效果好、抑菌活性稳定的菌株TC-1,初步鉴定为芽孢杆菌属的细菌,TC-1对14种病原微生物都有较好的抑菌效果。  相似文献   

Isolation and identification of bacteria associated with the surfaces of several algal species     

王子峰  肖天  逄少军  刘敏  岳海东 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(3):487-492

We conducted this study to assess the diversity of bacteria associated with the surfaces of algae based on 16S rDNA sequence analyses.Twelve strains of bacteria were obtained from the surfaces of the following four species of algae:Gracilaria textorii,Ulva pertusa,Laminaria japonica,and Polysiphonia urceolata.The isolated strains of bacteria can be divided into two groups:Halomonas and Vibrio,in physiology,biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analyses.The phylogenetic tree constructed based on ...  相似文献   

Growth of marine bacteria and ammonium regeneration from substrates in different C: N ratios     

WANG Jiangtao  YIN Xiaonan 《海洋学报(英文版)》2009,28(3):59-64

Natural assemblages of marine bacteria were chosen in a batch culture experiments. The impact of varying nitrogen substrate concentrations and the substrate C:N ratios (C:N_S) on the bacterial C:N ratio (C:N_B), the bacterial growth efficiency (BGE) and ammonium regeneration was mainly examined. The C:N_S ratios varied from 5:1 (carbon limitation) to 40:1 (nitrogen limitation) with varying combinations of glucose and NO₃^-. The C:N_B ratio had positive relationship with the C:N_S ratio (r=0.93, n=8), whose value was 3.77 when the C:N_S ratio was 5:1 but increased to 6.47 when the C:NS ratio was 40:1. These results indicate that the C:N_B ratio is a potential diagnostic tool for determining the bacterial growth in natural waters controlled by either, carbon or nitrogen. BGE decreased with the declining nitrate concentration and negatively related to C:N_s (r=-0.51, n=8). The average value of BGE was 0.20. This value was a little lower than other reports, which could be induced by the nitrogen source used in our experiments. Finally, regeneration time of ammonium delayed with the increasing C:N_S ratio, which indicates that there were different metabolism mechanisms when bacterial growth was limited by carbon source and nitrogen source.  相似文献   

A culture-dependent survey of thermophilic bacteria from hot springs in Xiamen area in China     

YANG Bo  OUYANG Jianping  AO Jingqun  CHEN Xinhua 《海洋学报(英文版)》2009,28(1):62-71

Microbes are believed to play important roles in ecosystem function in many environments. The hot springs of Xiamen Island are close to the Xiamen Sea, and may have some characteristics different from those of inland hot springs. Microbes living in the hot springs of Xiamen may have new characteristics. However, little is known about microbial communities of hot springs close to the Xiamen Sea. A culturedependent survey of microbial population in the Xiamen hot springs was performed by using an approach combining total cellular protein profile identification and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. A total of 328 isolates of bacteria were obtained from liquid and sediment samples from the Xiamen hot springs, including neutrophilic thermophilic bacteria and moderately thermophilic acidophiles. Neutrophilic thermophilic bacteria, which grow at a temperature range of 55—90℃ including Rhodothermus marinus (Strain 1), Thermus thermophilus (Strain 2), Thermus thiopara (Strain 3), Geobacillus stearothermophilus (Strain 4), Geobacillus thermoleovorans (Strain 5), and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes (Strain 6), were recovered by 2216E plates. Moderately thermophilic acidophiles, which can grow at temperatures above 50℃ and a pH range of 1.8—3.5 such as Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris (Strain 8), Sulfobacillus acidophilus (Strain 9), and Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans (Strain 10), were isolated on selective solid medium containing sulfur and Fe2+. Among these strains, Rhodothermus marinus, Thermus thermophilus and Geobacillus stearothermophilus are not only thermophiles, but also halophiles. One bacterium strain (Strain 6) shared 99% nucleotide sequence homology with Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, but was quite different from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes in biological characteristics, suggesting that it may represent a novel thermophilic species. Results indicated that various species of neutrophilic thermophiles and moderately thermophilic acidophiles were widely distributed in the Xiamen hot springs and that Rhodothermus marinus and Thermus thermophilus dominated the cultivable microbial community.  相似文献   

春秋季山东南部近岸浮游细菌生态分布   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

肖慧  张喆  张艳  于庆云  唐学玺 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2009,39(4)

分别于2007年4月(春季)和10月(秋季),对山东南部近岸海域进行了现场调查,研究了该海区浮游细菌丰度、生物量分布特征,探讨了它们与温度、溶解氧(DO)、总氮(N)、总磷(P)、硝酸盐(NO-3)、铵盐(NH+2)及活性磷酸盐(PO4-P)的相关性.结果表明:浮游细菌生物量具有一定的时间、空间分布特征,春季浮游细菌丰度及生物量要高于秋季,2个季节近岸细菌数量高于远岸区域;浮游细菌丰度及生物量与温度、DO、总P、NO-3、NH+2及PO4-P均呈显著相关关系(P<0.01),表明上述因子可能是该海域浮游细菌数量分布的主要限制因子.  相似文献   

Distribution of general aerobic heterotrophic bacteria in sediment core taken from the Canadian basin and the Chukchi Sea     

高爱国  陈皓文 《极地研究(英文版)》2008,19(1):14-22

The occurrence percentage and abundance of General Aerobic Hetero- trophic Bacteria （GAB） were determined by using the method of MPN for 182 sub- samples from 10 sediment cores taken from the Canadian basin and the Chukchi Sea at two different culturing temperatures. The results showed that the general occurrence percentage of GAB was quite high, average abundanees of GAB at cultured temperatares of 4℃ and 25℃ were 4.46 ×10^7 and 5.47×10^7 cells·g^-1（wt）, respectively. The highest abundance of GAB occurred at 20 -22 cm section in the sediment. GAB abundances changed among the section of sediments, but there is a trend ： the a-bundances at the middle or lower sections were lower than those at upper section. Cultivation at 25℃ could improve the occurrence percentage and abundances of GAB, which suggests that the increasing of temperature may change the living circum-stances of GAB. The differences of GAB among the latitudes areas indicated that occurrence percentage and abundances of GAB in middle latitude areas were higher than those in the higher or lower latitude areas, and were more obvious at 4℃ than those at 25℃. The GAB abundances in sediment under the shallower water seemed to be low- er than those in sediments under the deeper water and this status was more obvious at 25℃ than that at 4℃.  相似文献